高速列车节能运行优化控制方法研究

摘要

Energy-saving operation of high-speed trains is of utmost importance to saving energy and reducing consumption .In this paper ,applying the modern optimal control theory and considering feedback of regenera-tive braking energy ,the minimum energy consumption calculation model of high-speed trains was established under constraint of fixed running time .The optimal control principle was worked cut with the minimum formu-la ,which was the combination of four kinds of operation modes ,i .e .,the maximum traction ,uniform speed , idle running and maximum braking .Then according to the actual train characteristic curve and measured resist-ance curve ,a new energy-saving operation control method was proposed .With this method ,the maximum train running speed corresponding to the lowest energy consumption was found .Thus every working point of the maximum traction ,uniform speed ,idle running and maximum braking versus the minimum energy con-sumption for the whole journey was calculated .In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method ,the energy-saving operation control method was applied to CRH3 (EMUs) running between Beijing and Tianjin . The results show that the energy consumption decreases about 14% compared with the actual test results .The study provides a basis for energy-saving operation control of high-speed trains .%高速列车节能运行控制对高速列车节能降耗至关重要。基于现代最优控制理论，考虑列车再生制动能量反馈，建立高速列车在定时约束条件下最小能耗计算模型，利用极小值公式推导得到最佳控制原则为最大牵引、匀速、惰行及最大制动这4种运行方式组合。在此基础上，依据高速列车牵引特性和阻力特性曲线，提出一种列车节能运行控制方法，基于此方法求解得到列车运行能量消耗最低所对应的最大速度值，从而计算得出整个运行过程中列车运行能量消耗最小时最大牵引、匀速、惰行及最大制动的转换点。为验证所提方法的有效性，以京津城际CRH3型动车组为例，采用本文所提出的节能运行控制方法，列车运行能耗比试验测试值降低了约14％。研究结果为高速列车节能运行控制提供了依据。