卫星导航在铁路运输系统众多基于位置的应用服务中具有广阔的应用前景，我国自主建设的北斗卫星导航系统已正式开始提供区域服务，为卫星导航在铁路系统中的应用发展提供了重要契机。在采用卫星导航实现列车定位的过程中，列车轨道占用状态的估计识别是列车位置描述的重要内容和定位正确性必要前提，本文结合高速列车追踪接近预警系统这一应用背景，根据系统功能及性能的实际需求，提出一种基于地图辅助北斗/惯导组合的列车轨道占用估计方法，该方法利用地图辅助信息对北斗/惯导融合所需系统模型进行约束，并采用交互多模型估计策略将列车组合定位过程与轨道占用状态估计进行结合，有效实现了轨道占用识别的实时性和自主性。论文采用实际现场测试数据对所提出的轨道占用估计方法进行了验证，并通过与 GPS模式的比较探讨了我国北斗卫星导航系统在铁路系统应用中的可行性和实际性能。%Satellite navigation has broad prospects in multiple location-based railway applications and services. Presently,the autonomously developed BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)in China has become capable of providing local services,which is promoting great opportunities for its application and development in rail-way transportation systems.When using the satellite navigation system in train positioning,track occupancy state estimation is an important factor in train position description and an essential precondition of positioning correctness.In this paper,based on the requirements of the high-speed train collision early warning system, the map-aided BDS/INS(Intertial Navigation System)integration based track occupancy estimation method was proposed,in which the assistant information from the electronic track map was involved to constrain the kine-matic models in BDS/INS data fusion,and the Interactive Multiple Model (IMM)scheme was introduced to combine the integrated train positioning and track occupancy state estimation.Based on the proposed solution, the track identification could be realized real-timely and autonomously.Results from field tests validate the ca-pability of the proposed method,and comparison with the GPS-based solution demonstrates the feasibility and performance stage of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System for practical railway applications.
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