本文采用数值模拟方法对高速列车模型风洞试验中存在的地面效应问题进行研究。通过风洞试验验证了数值模拟方法的有效性，利用数值模拟比较了移动地面、静止地面和不同离地间隙工况下，1∶8缩比3节编组高速列车模型的气动力以及模型周围流场的变化规律。研究表明：移动地面较之于静止地面使模型气动阻力增加6.3％，升力减小130％；随着离地间隙的增大，高速列车模型阻力逐渐增大，升力也逐渐增大；不同地面工况下，3节车对气动力变化量的贡献有很大差别。鉴于地面效应会严重影响高速列车模型的气动特性，对风洞试验测量结果带来不可忽视的误差，有必要采用合理的试验手段对其进行消除。其中，采用移动地面法可以很好消除地面效应，而采用抬高模型法不能完全消除地面效应的影响。%The paper presented a research about the ground effect during wind tunnel test for high‐speed train model with the CFD numerical simulation method ,which was validated by the wind tunnel test .By numerical simulation ,the conditions of moving ground ,stationary ground and different ground clearances ,were com‐pared to study the variation law of aerodynamic forces and flow field around the 1∶8 scale high speed train model comprising three carriages .The research showed that the aerodynamic drag force of the model increased 6 .3% and the lift force decreased 130% under the moving ground condition ,compared with stationary ground . With the increase of ground clearance ,the drag and lift forces of the high speed train model increased gradual‐ly .Under different ground conditions ,the contribution of the three‐carriage train to variation of aerodynamic force was much different .Given its serious influence on aerodynamics of high speed train model and the non‐negligible error it brought on the results of the wind tunnel test ,it is necessary to take reasonable test measures to eliminate the ground effect in the wind tunnel test .The ground effect can be well eliminated with moving ground method ,w hile it can not be removed completely by raising the model .
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