动压作用下敏化剂对乳化炸药析晶量的影响

摘要

Using underwater explosion test system,emulsion explosive charge was applied dynamic pressure,the blasting shockwave pressure of emulsion explosive charge was measured pre and post dynamic pressure,and pressure desensitization degree was calculated.Crystallization quantity was measured pre and post dynamic pressure by using water dissolved method.Demulsification degree of emulsion explosive was characterized by crystallization quantity.Influence of sensitizing agent content and type on demulsification degree was analyzed.Experimental results show that the crystallization quantity increases with sensitizing agent content at the same dynamic pressure,and accordingly,the desensitization degree also increases.On the other hand,at the same content of sensitizing agent,the crystallization quantity of emulsion explosive sensitized by glass micro-balloon（GMB）is less than that of sensitized by expanded perlite.The desensitization degree is also less than that of sensitized by expanded perlite.So the dynamic pressure resistance ability of emulsion explosive sensitized by GMB excels expanded perlite.Reducing properly sensitizing agent content can reduce demulsification of emulsion explosive and improve its dynamic pressure resistance ability.%利用水下爆炸测试系统,对乳化炸药药包进行动压加载,测出动压作用前后乳化炸药药包水中爆炸冲击波压力大小,计算出压力减敏程度,并利用水溶法测量了乳化炸药在动压作用前后析晶量的大小,用析晶量的大小来表征乳化炸药的破乳程度,分析了敏化剂的含量和类型对乳化炸药破乳程度的影响。实验结果表明：在相同的动压作用下,乳化炸药的析晶量随着敏化剂含量的增加而增大,其减敏程度也相应地增大;对于相同敏化剂含量的乳化炸药来说,玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药的析晶量小于膨胀珍珠岩敏化的乳化炸药,其减敏程度也相应地小于膨胀珍珠岩敏化的乳化炸药。因此,玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药的抗动压性能优于膨胀珍珠岩敏化的乳化炸药,适当降低敏化剂的含量,可以降低乳化炸药的破乳程度,提高乳化炸药的抗动压性能。