体育竞赛中的潜规则及其治理

摘要

Hidden rules are the challenges to the credibility of sports competitions and they affect the stability of sports order. This study puts forward the concept of hidden rules in sports competitions, and lists the four typical sports competition rules - the home (host) tendency, power-money trade, fake match, corporal punishment. It further analy-zes from the following aspects: the tolerance of hidden rules, the extensiveness of the subject, the diversity of type, the complexity and difficulty of governance. It is suggested in the paper that hidden rules can be governed by strengthening the censorship of the competition rules, revising the defect rules, improving the transparency of sports organizations, in-troducing media involvement in the governess, speeding up the democratic process of sports organizations and introducing law procedures into the governess process.%潜规则是对体育竞赛公信力的挑战，影响体育秩序的稳定。研究提出了体育竞赛中潜规则的概念，列举了裁判主场(东道主)倾向、权钱交易、假赛、体罚四条典型的体育竞赛潜规则，并对潜规则的容忍度、主体的广泛性、类型的多元性以及治理的复杂性和艰巨性等特征进行了分析。建议通过加大体育竞赛显规则的审查力度，及时修订规则缺陷、增加体育组织的透明度，引入媒体参与治理、加快国际体育组织的民主进程、积极引入法律的治理四条途径，实现对体育竞赛中潜规则的有效治理。