38例急性中毒住院儿童病例分布及经济损失分析

摘要

Objective:To understand the distribution features and economic losses of the hospitalized children with acute poisoning, scientific basis was provided to prevent and control the acute poisoning in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 38 cases of acute poisoning in children admitted to the pediatric in Heji Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from 2007 to 2012.Results:In the children with poisoning,25 cases were male,while 13 caseswere female.Children were divided into four groups according to the age:<1,1~4,5~9,and 10~14,whose distribution were respectively 6 cases,20 cases,4 cases,8 cases.Rural and urban poisoning proportion was 1.38:1.The peak was in September and the indoor poisoning accounted for 86.84%.34.21% poisoning was caused by the drug in acute poisoning,while the same with the chemical poisoning.The economic losses of acute poisoning caused by pesticide was(5 171.03 ±4 843.46)RMB on average,which was the highest.The economic losses caused by plant was (2 062.63±715.78)RMB on average, which was the second highest.Conclusion:The number of male children with acute poisoning in the hospital were larger than the female, and mainly concentrated in 1~4 years old,who lived in rural rather than the city.In addition,drug poisoning was the main type of acute poisoning.Pesticide poisoning made the largest economic loss.Measures should be taken to prevent and control the acute poisoning according to its epidemiological characteristics.%目的：了解急性中毒住院患儿的分布特征和经济损失，为儿童急性中毒的预防、控制提供科学依据。方法：回顾性分析38例儿童急性中毒病例。结果：38例中毒患儿中，男25例，女13例；<1岁、1~4岁、5~9岁、10~14岁年龄组分别为6、20、4、8例；农村、城市中毒比例1.38∶1；9月份为发病高峰期；发生在户内占86.84%。急性中毒中药物中毒和化学性中毒各占34.21%。急性中毒的经济损失，农药中毒平均(5171.03±4843.46)元，居第一；植物中毒平均(2062.63±715.78)元，居第二。结论：急性中毒住院男童高于女童，主要集中在1~4岁，农村高于城市。急性中毒的主要类型是药物中毒。农药中毒的经济损失最重。针对急性中毒的流行病学特征，应有的放矢地开展重点防治工作。