基于四维度评价体系的中小企业融资绩效研究

摘要

To solve the financing difficulties and the low performance problem of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has been the focus concerned by the academia, the government sector and enterprise sector. This article aims to offer a comprehensive definition and consideration to the financing performance of SMEs based on the four dimensions: financing difficulty, capital costs, time efficiency and private financing. Based on this understanding and also data obtained from a field survey on SMEs in western China, the problem of financing performance in SMEs is studied by constructing variable factors such as enterprise financing and performance, the basic information of the enterprise, the basic information of the enterpreneur, policy support, the financing situation, corporate financial status, financial supply chain and corporate management and other variables. More findings show that in addition to the traditional factors of the corporate basic situation, corporate financial status and mortgage guarantee, key effect on the financing performance of SMEs also derives from the government’s policy support, the relation between the banks and the enterprise, the supply chain, the enterprise management structure. The article finally puts forward some suggestions to the government, the bank and the enterprise in order to improve the financing performance of SMEs.%破解中小企业融资困境与融资绩效低下问题一直是学术界、政府部门和企业界所关注的重点。文章基于融资难度、资金成本、时间效率和企业因为银行贷款支持不足而采用民间融资方式进行融资补偿的程度等四个评价维度对中小企业融资绩效进行综合定义和考量，通过构建包含企业融资绩效因素、企业基本情况因素、企业负责人情况因素、政策支持情况因素、企业融资状况因素、企业财务状况因素、供应链金融因素和企业管理层情况因素等多组变量的中小企业融资绩效评价指标体系，利用对西部地区中小企业实地问卷调研所得数据，对中小企业融资绩效提升问题进行了研究。研究发现，除了传统的企业基本状况、财务状况和抵押担保因素外，政府的政策支持、银企关系、企业的供应链、企业管理层结构等因素也对中小企业融资绩效具有关键影响。为改善融资绩效，依据研究结果，对政府部门、银行业金融机构和中小企业分别提出了相应建议。