To provide reference for nutrition diagnosis and fertilization, the dynamic changes and regression analysis of leaf and soil nutrients during different phonological periods were studied, with Castanea mollissima "3113" planted in Xiqian county of Hebei province as experimental materials. The results obtained were as follows, (1) the trees' absorption of mineral elements had obvious seasonal features: their needs of N, P, K, Ca and B elements were greater during the pollination flowering period, as well as N, P, K, Ca demands during the fruit expanding period; the absorption of Fe, Mn trended to be increasing during fruit growth period; compared with above-mentioned mineral elements, the absorption of Cu, Mg changed smaller in different phonological periods. (2) Nutrition diagnosis should be conducted during between mid-July and mid-August, and the optimum contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, B, Cu in leaves were (2.103±0.162)%, (0.131±0.016)%, (0.723 ± 0.044)%, (2.240 ± 0.130)%, (0.709±0.037) %, 859.768±187.401 mg/kg, 615.199±43.965 mg/kg, 46.223 ± 1.073 mg/kg, 13.171±0.891 mg/kg. (3) The result of regression analysis indicate that there was a positive linear correlation between N, P, K contents of leaf and available Fe content of soil, so available Fe could be regarded as an important factor which made a difference to chestnut production in the area. In conclusion, the nutrient management of chestnut should be based on characteristics of nutrient demand. In order to realize high yield and quality of chestnut, the levels of N, P, K fertilizer should be reasonably controlled, Fe, Mn, B microelement fertilizer should be evenly applied.%以板栗“3113”为试材,通过测定不同物候期结果枝叶片营养和土壤养分含量并进行逐步回归分析,研究了板栗对养分的需求特征,以期为板栗的营养诊断和科学平衡施肥提供依据.结果表明:(1)板栗对矿质元素的吸收有明显季节性,其中开花授粉期对N、P、K、Ca、B和果实膨大期对N、P、K、Ca需求量较大;果实发育期间板栗对Fe、Mn的吸收有持续增加的趋势:不同物候期板栗对Cu、Mg的吸收量变化较小; (2)7月中旬～8月中旬可作为营养诊断期,叶片主要矿质元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、B、Cu的适宜含量分别为:(2.103±0.162)％、(0.131±0.016)％、(0.723±0.044)％、(2.240±0.130)％、(0.709±0.037)％、859.768±187.401mg/kg、615.199±43.965 mg/kg、46.223±1.073 mg/kg、13.171±0.891 mg/kg:(3)回归分析发现,迁西地区板栗叶片N、P、K含量与土壤速效Fe含量呈正相关,速效Fe是影响板栗生产的一个重要因子.总之,栗园的养分管理应根据板栗的养分需求特征,合理控制N、P、K肥料用量,注意Fe、Mn、B等微肥的平衡配施,以实现板栗的高产优质.
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