洞庭湖洲滩人工林林农复合经营模式与综合效益研究

摘要

以位于洞庭湖区的沅江市南嘴镇鲤鱼塘洲和岳阳市华容县操军镇两个林农复合经营系统为例,从复合经营模式对林木生长的影响、对土壤改良的作用及综合经济效益评价等方面研究洞庭湖滩地杨树人工林林农复合经营模式.结果表明:洞庭湖洲滩在杨树林郁闭前选择的芥菜、榨菜、南瓜和冬瓜4种复合经营模式,与纯林林分对照,复合经营林分胸径生长量提高了24.2％～48.5％,树高生长量提高了20％～55％,活立木蓄积提高了69.8％～151.3％;由于对林地进行了一定的施肥,林地pH值均有所下降,上层土壤有机质含量增加了13.3％～106.7％,各土层土壤速效N含量普遍减少,土壤速效P含量均有大幅增加,土壤速效K含量均有所减少;杨树郁闭前林下复合经营可以持续2a以上,因此2a内进行林农复合经营可实现10 000元/hm2左右的经济收入.%Takes two agroforestry system located in the Dongting Lake area as an example,Researched the compound management model of Poplar Plantation on artificial Poplar Agroforestry model from compound management model of forest growth effect,effect on soil improvement and comprehensive economic benefit evaluation of the Dongting Lake area.Research results show that:Marshland around the Dongting Lake in front of the poplar forest canopy closure choice of mustard,mustard,squash,pumpkin,and melon four composite mode of operation,control and pure forest,agroforestry stand DBH growth was enhanced by 24.2％-48.5％,tree height growth increased by 20％ ～ 55％,stumpage improve 69.8％ ～ 151.3％;by in fertilization of forest,woodland pH decreased;upper layer of soil organic matter content increased the 13.3％ ～ 106.7％,the soil available N content generally decreased;soil available P content were significantly increased;soil available K content was somewhat reduced.Before the closure of the poplar forest compound management can last more than 2a,so 2a of agroforestry system can realize the economic income of about 10 000 yuan / hm2.