贵阳市道路地表灰尘中多环芳烃的分布特征及生态风险评估

摘要

In the present study, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust of Guiyang urban area were quantitatively determined by HPLC. Distribution characterization and possible sources of PAHs in road dust from Guiyang urban area were analyzed. The ecological risks of PAHs in road dust of Guiyang urban were assessed according to the single index, N. L. Nemerow composite index and benzo[a]pyrene equivalency quality (BEQ) methods. The results showed The content of total PAHs were between 88. 1 and 13192. 7 fig/kg. The difference of PAHs concen-trations in road dust from functional areas were also obvious. PAHs concentrations in road dust were higher at traffic area than those in other areas. Evaluation of the ecological risks of PAHs in the study area indicated that there were heavily polluted by PAHs at traffic area and industrial estate.%采用高效液相色谱法对贵阳市道路地表灰尘中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了定量分析,研究了贵阳市道路地表灰尘中PAHs在不同功能区分布特征,并分析了其可能来源.最后以单因子指数、内梅罗综合指数评价法和苯并(a)芘的等效致癌毒性(BEQ)评价标准对PAHs的生态风险进行了评价.结果表明,贵阳市道路地表灰尘样品中PAHs的质量分数在88.1～13192.7 μg/kg之间,各个功能区地表灰尘PAHs质量分数有明显差异,最高值出现在交通要道,最低值出现在公园.生态风险评价表明,贵阳市地表灰尘中以交通要道和工业区两个功能区已受到严重的PAHs威胁,具有较为严重的生态风险.