一氧化氮及其衍生物在缺血性脑血管病中的作用

摘要

Ischemic stroke is the major cause of death and remains as one of the most common causes of disability worldwide.It is well known that cerebral ischemic injury enhances the formation of nitric oxide (NO).It is believed that excessive NO production plays an important role in the development of ischemic brain injury.NO probably contribute to ischemic injury by attacking macromolecules directly,including proteins and lipids,and disrupting mitochondrial function,or indirectly affecting cellular signaling pathways and gene regulation.Excessive production of NO may be neurotoxic,which leads to cascade reactions of excitotoxicity,inflammation and apoptosis.However,NO may also play a neuroprotective role in brain ischemia processes.In this paper,the role of NO and its derivatives in cerebral ischemic injury are reviewed.%缺血性卒中是导致死亡的主要原因,也是世界上最常见的致残原因之一.脑缺血损伤能促进一氧化氮(nitricoxide,NO)的形成.过量的NO在缺血性脑损伤的发展过程中起着至关重要的作用.NO可能通过直接攻击蛋白质和脂质等生物大分子、破坏线粒体功能,或间接影响细胞信号转导通路和基因调控,从而加重缺血性脑损伤.过量的NO可能具有神经毒性,导致兴奋性神经毒性级联反应、炎性反应和细胞凋亡.然而,NO也可能在脑缺血过程中发挥神经保护作用.本文拟对NO及其衍生物在脑缺血损伤中的作用进行综述.