家庭老年照料对女性非正规就业的影响效应研究

摘要

利用1993-2011年"中国健康与营养调查"数据,在控制内生性的条件下研究中国家庭老年照料对女性非正规就业选择和非正规就业工资收入的影响效应.研究发现,家庭老年照料会降低女性从事正规就业的可能性而提高其从事非正规就业的可能性,并且老年照料的强度越高(每周照料时间超过10小时),女性劳动者非正规就业倾向越大.家庭老年照料对女性非正规就业工资收入的负面影响随着照料强度的增加而减弱,对女性正规就业工资收入的负面影响随着照料强度的增加而增加.据此,文章认为,当女性要承担家庭照料责任时,非正规就业为她们提供了兼顾老年照料与就业的平衡,既解决了自身的就业问题、增加了家庭收入,又节省了老年照料家庭支出.基于实证结果,本文提出了相应的政策建议.%Based on the panel data of China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1993 to 2011,this paper investigates the impact of informal care on women's behaviors of choosing the informal employment and women's income by controlling endogeneity.In gen-eral,informal care decreases the probability of formal employment but increases the probability of informal employment.And the more hours(≥10h per week)of care women provide, the more apt they are to choose informal employment.Moreover, informal care has negative effects on women's income of informal employees,but the effects will be weakened by the increase of care-giving intensity.On the contrary,the effects will be strengthened by the increase of care-giving intensity to formal employees.Thus,infor-mal employment not only provides a balance between informal care and work,but also increases family income.Based on the empiri-cal results,the corresponding policy recommendations are proposed.