碳质涂膜人工关节在兔髋关节置换术中的应用研究

摘要

Objective:To investigate the biocompatibility and wear-resistance of artificial prosthesis by carbon coating artificial hip prosthesis implantating into rabbit and provide experimental basis for clinical application. Method: Twenty-two New Zealand rabbits were divided into experimental group( 19 rabbits) and control group(3 rabbits) . The hip jionts of 19 New Zealand rabbits were replaced with carbon coating artificial hip prosthesis and bred in separate cages after wound healing. Experimental group was divied into subgroup A(n=5) ,subgroup B(n =7) ,and subgroup C(n =7). Subgroup A which was taken left incision to operate on and sacrificed at 8 weeks postoperation; Subgroup B which was taken right incision to operate on and sacrificed at 8 weeks postoperation; Subgroup C which was taken random incision to operate on and sacrificed at 12 weeks postoperation. The biocompatibility and wear-resistance of artificial prosthesis were observed by macroscopic observation, X-ray radiography and HE staining. The control group was operated at the same location and sutured in situ. Results; The carbon coating artificial hip prosthesis had no toxic side effects, obvious inflammatory and foreign body reaction and serious dissolved bone effect. Some new cartilage tissue was found around the carbonaceous prosthesis and there was not abrasion and free carbon particle around the artificial joint surface. The scores of biocompatibility, no-dissolved bone and wear-resistance of subgroup A and B of experiment group were higher than that of C subgroup ( P < 0. 05 - P < 0. 01) . Conclusions; The biocompatibility and wear-resistance of carbon coating artificial hip prosthesis is good, which is promising prosthetic material%目的:通过对兔假体植入实验,对碳质涂膜人工股骨头假体进行研究,了解人工假体的生物相容性、耐磨性,为假体的临床应用提供实验依据.方法:将22只成年新西兰大白兔分为实验组和对照组,对照组3只采用同一切口,原位缝合.实验组19只其中A组取左侧切口,共5只,术后8周处死;B组取右侧切口中,共7只,术后8周处死;C组切口随机,共7只,术后12周处死.行半髋关节置换术,植入碳质涂膜人工股骨头假体,待切口愈合后分笼饲养,分别在术后8周和12周处死,通过肉眼观察、X线摄片、HE染色等方法,对术后人工假体的生物相容性及界面摩擦磨损现象进行初步观察.结果:碳质涂膜人工股骨头假体在动物体内无毒副作用,无明显炎症反应和异物反应,无严重溶骨效应,在碳质假体周围发现有新生软骨组织,碳质股骨头表面没有明显磨损和碳颗粒游离现象.实验A组、B组和对照组手术后生物相容性评分、无溶骨性评分和耐磨性评分均高于实验C组(P<0.05~P<0.01).结论:碳质涂膜人工股骨头具有较好的生物相容性和耐磨性能,是一种极具应用前景的人工假体材料.