人类干扰对五大连池药泉山放线菌群落结构影响

摘要

To understand the effect of travel disturbance on soil ecological system, the paper taking Yaoquan mountain of Wudalianchi as a research case, the impact of travel disturbance on actinomycetes communities structure was studied, and response relationship between soil chemical properties and actinomycetes communities' structure was analyzed. The results indicated that the soil actinomycetes number was between 0. 48 × 107 cfu/g and 5. 13 × 107 cfu/g of Yaoquan mountain. And 118 actinomycetes were isolated and purified, which belonged to 11 genera. The similar rate was 65. 38℅ of the whole mountain actinomycetes community structure. Micromonospora frequency separation is more consistent in the active area, Micropolyspora and Streptomyces frequency separation are larger in the buffer and background zone. 5 chemical factors and 5 kinds of enzyme activity have different degree of response relationship with actinomycetes population distribution. Sucrase has larger impact on actinomycetes community structure followed by organic matter, urease, and available phosphorus. Actinomyces andStreptomyces are distributed widely, mainly in the central positions, and they are common genus for each sample point Actinomyces. Streptoverticillium is positively correlated to sucrase, Micromonospora is positively correlated to phosphatase, and Frankia is positively correlated to urease, while Actinomadura is positively correlated to available phosphorus.%为了解人类干扰对土壤生态系统的影响,以五大连池药泉山为研究对象,研究人类干扰对土壤放线菌群落结构的影响以及放线菌群落结构与土壤化学性质、酶活性变化之间的响应关系. 研究结果表明:药泉山土壤中可培养放线菌数量为0. 48 × 107 ~5. 13 × 107 cfu/g,共分离放线菌118株,分属于11个属. 药泉山土壤中放线菌相似度为65. 38℅. 小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)在活动区分离频率较为一致;小多孢菌属(Streptoverticillium)、链霉菌属( Streptomyces)分别在缓冲区和背景区占较高分离频率. 5个化学因子和5种酶活性与放线菌种群分布存在不同程度的响应关系,其中蔗糖酶对于放线菌群落结构组成相对影响较大,其次为有机质、脲酶、速效磷. 放线菌属( Actinomyces)、链霉菌属( Streptomyces)分布广泛,主要集中于冗余分析图的中心位置,为各采样点处共有放线菌菌属. 小多孢菌属( Streptoverticillium)与蔗糖酶、链轮丝菌属( Micromonospora)与磷酸酶、马杜拉放线菌属( Frankia)与脲酶均呈现正相关性,而丝核菌属( Actinomadura)则与速效磷呈现正相关性.