我国“约租车”规制研究--兼及国外经验

摘要

On-demand ride services can be classified into two categories according to the market per-formance:high-price services for high-quality demands,and cheap services for low-quality and price-sensitive demands.The low quality services are even cheaper than ordinary taxis and have some de-fects.A game analysis of the on-demand ride market shows that optimal results can be achieved by regulating the market with only quality standards while releasing the market entry conditions and price regulations.Based on the foreign experience,this paper argues that the government should es-tablish operation classification standards for the taxi industry,endow local governments with autono-mous regulatory rights,regulate the quality of the on-demand ride services strictly,and implement appropriate insurance rules for on-demand ride services.%根据市场表现可将"约租车"分为针对高品质出行需求的"高价格高质量"用车服务和针对低品质出行、价格敏感需求的"廉价低质量"用车服务。后者价格普遍低于一般出租车，服务质量也存在一定缺陷。对我国"约租车"市场博弈分析表明，放松准入和价格规制，仅采用质量规制市场结果最优。结合国外经验，建议政府建立出租车行业经营分类标准，允许地方政府有自主规制权力，对"约租车"服务实施严格的质量规制，并补充修订适宜"约租车"行业的保险条例。