我国举证时效制度之检讨

摘要

举证时效制度乃指民事诉讼当事人的举证行为须在规定之期限内完成，若当事人怠于举证将会受到证据失权或费用制裁之惩罚的一项证据规则。其制裁方式主要有二：证据失权与费用制裁，若当事人因故意或重大过失导致举证逾期其可能承担证据失权之后果；若当事人因轻微过失导致逾期，需承担费用之不利益。周全的审前准备程序和答辩失权规则是其存在的基础，完善审前程序与建立答辩失权制度是我国举证时效制度充分发挥效用的保证。%The proof limitation system refers to presenting proof within the prescribed period of time. If the parties fail to present proof, they will be punished in two ways: losing the right to present proof (when doing it intentionally or with serious negligence) or cost penalty (when doing it with slight negligence). Comprehensive procedure before trial and the rule of “losing the right of defense” are the foundation of the proof limitation system. Therefore, perfecting pretrial procedure and setting up the system of “losing the right of defense” are the guarantee to make the proof limitation system more effective.