“单独二孩”政策对城市80后生育观的影响研究--以杭州市为例

摘要

生育政策是影响人们生育观念、优化人口结构的重要手段，对于实现人口的稳定、合理增长有着重要的意义。本研究应用问卷调查法和个案访谈法对杭州市“单独二孩”政策实施后80后的生育观变化进行了分析。研究发现：80后的生育意愿增强，对孩子性别偏好不明显，生育二孩的间隔大约为3—4年。基于此，杭州市政府应通过提供优质的生育服务；加大基础教育资源的供给；根据不同年龄段及生育间隔，及时做好应对生育高峰的准备；加强对“单独二孩”政策实施的监测力度；完善计划生育家庭的扶助制度以及提高对人口老龄化的认识等措施来正确应对人口问题。%Fertility policy is an important means to influence people ’ s birth concept,and optimize populationstructure.The implementation of “Alone two child”policy for Hangzhou 80s giving birth influences mainly in:willingness to enhance fertility,child gender preferences obvious.Second,child spacing is approximately 3 -4 years.Based on this,the Hangzhou government should by providing quality maternity services,reduce fertility problems to face pressure after 80;increase the supply of basic education resources;improve the overall quality of the child’s birth;depending on the age and birth spacing,in a timely manner ready to deal with the baby boom;strengthen monitoring efforts on the “two separate child ” policy implementation,to ensure the continued implementation of stabilization policies;perfect support system of family planning,increase family planning special grants for needy families and to increase the intensity of population aging of understanding,correct address aging.