关于“柯瓦列夫斯基笔记”主题的辨析--对学界一种流行观点的批判性考察

摘要

A point of view that the theme of Marx’s note written in his old age on Kovalevsky’s book was to explore the developmental way and prospect of the backward countries in the East in the era when capitalism occupied the leading position of the world has been prevalent in the academic circles of the Soviet Union and China for a long time. The opinion had no reliable proofs from the text of Marx’s note on Kovalevsky’s book. It was subjective, arbitrary and unreasonable and should not be accepted. Refuting and criticizing the viewpoint contribute to understanding scientifically the theme and place of Marx’s note on Kovalevsky’s book in history and restoring the true features of Marx’s thought in his later years.%前苏联与我国学界有一种流行观点认为，马克思晚年所作的“柯瓦列夫斯基笔记”的主题是探索“世界资本主义体系中东方落后国家的发展道路、未来前景问题”。这种观点严重缺乏文本依据，带有明显的主观臆断色彩与武断性，是不合理、不宜采纳的。对其进行反思和批判，有助于科学理解笔记的主题与历史地位，恢复马克思晚年思想的本来面目。