魏晋南北朝时期的海路佛教传播∗

摘要

印度佛教是中国佛教的源头。中印佛教的传播，通常有海、陆两条道路。海、陆佛教交流，在魏晋南北朝时期逐渐打通。中印佛教交流实现了海、陆环形循环，相对于陆路佛教传播，海路传播研究相对要冷清一些。不过，钩沉中古时期的佛教入华文献，可以发现：自魏晋始，海路弘法的道路逐渐顺畅；至东晋南北朝，外籍僧人沿海路来华者渐具优势。海、陆两条丝绸之路的文化交流，是世界文化交流史的一大盛事。%Abstracts:Indian Buddhism is the source of Chinese Buddhism.Buddhism between China and India was spread both by sea and land,which was gradually opened up during the period of the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties.On the other hand,its communication was realized in annular circulation of Western Regions,Sindhu,the South Sea,Middle-earth,Western Regions and Sindhu. Compared with Buddhism spread by land,the study of seaways was relatively poor.However,it could be found from Buddha literature in China that the route of seaway preaching since Wei Jin be-came smooth and foreign monks by sea took continuous advantage until the Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasty.The cultural exchange of the Silk Road over sea and land was the grand occa-sion in the world cultural history.