对某反向安装儿童安全座椅的结构进行了改进设计。采用有限元-多刚体耦合的方法，依据欧洲经济委员会(ECE)的法规R44的要求，建立了改进前后的儿童安全座椅正面碰撞台车试验模型，并进行了模型验证。完成了改进后的儿童安全座椅结构正面台车碰撞实验。仿真结果表明：座椅改进后的儿童假人头部综合加速度峰值约降低15g；胸部综合加速度超过55g的时间缩短为2 ms；胸部垂向加速度超过30g的时间约为2.4 ms。台车试验结果与仿真结果一致，胸部综合加速度超过55g的时间缩短为1.7 ms；胸部垂向加速度超过30g的时间约为2.85 ms，且台车实验中座椅结构未产生明显破坏。%Structure improvement was made for a rear-facing child seat. Models of frontal impact sled test for the original and the improved child seats were built and then simulated using Lsdyna-Madymo coupling method referring to the Regulation No. 44 by the Economic Commission for Europe. A front impact sled test was made with a sample of the improved child seat. The results show that the peak of the resultant head acceleration reduces 15g, the time in which the resultant chest acceleration exceeds 55g is cut in 2ms, and the time in which the chest acceleration vertical component exceeds 30g is 2.4ms when using the improved child seat. The test results are in accordance with the simulation results. The time in which the resultant chest acceleration exceeds 55g is cut in 1.7ms, and the time in which the vertical component of the chest acceleration exceeds 30g is 2.85ms, without obvious structure damage during the sled test.
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