健康、环境、生产性基础设施与经济增长

摘要

In the framework of endogenous growth, this paper assumes that health is produced by combining public health ex-penditure, public infrastructure service and environment quality in the form of Cobb-Douglas technology. We examine the opti-mal growth of balanced growth path in which the positive effect of public awareness of health affects economic growth through changes of government expenditure on health and environment. The result shows that: environment affects economic growth through health, and welfare-maximizing government should increase environment protection expenditure to improve environ-mental quality;the more the representative citizens care about the health, the more growth-enhancing policies a welfare maxi-mizing government should choose;in turn, this improves health and environment as well as stimulates economic growth. With the data of 29 provinces from 1997 to 2013, we analyze the hypothesis of health production function and the existence of mech-anism that environment affects economic growth through health.%在内生增长模型框架下，假设健康是由公共健康支出、生产性基础设施服务和环境质量共同组成，考察了公众健康意识的改变是如何通过影响政府对健康及环保的投入而影响经济增长。研究结果得出：存在环境质量作用于健康进而影响经济增长这一机制，福利最大化下的政府应当投入环保支出改善环境；当公众越是关心健康，政府可选择的税收支出、公共健康支出和环保支出越会不断上升，实现提升健康水平和环境质量的同时使经济持续增长。在此基础上，运用我国29个省1997—2013年的数据，通过面板计量模型验证了理论部分关于健康方程的假设，同时证实环境通过作用于健康进而影响经济增长这一传导机制的存在。