小龄儿童听觉发展问卷对选配助听器的低龄儿童听觉言语能力评估

摘要

目的：通过汉语普通话版小龄儿童听觉发展问卷（LittlEARS棆 auditory questionnaire ，LEAQ）调查评估低龄听障儿童经助听器放大干预后早期听觉言语感知能力的发展情况。方法分别在助听器选配前、助听器佩戴后3、6和12个月对162例3．0～48．0月龄选配助听器的听障儿童进行中文版LEAQ问卷调查，LEAQ问卷由儿童直接看护人完成填写，问卷包括35个问题，涉及接受性听觉行为、语义上听觉行为和表达性语言行为三方面，满分35分，得分越高，其听觉语言能力越好。结果162例听障儿童助听器选配前、佩戴后3、6和12个月LEAQ总分平均分分别为10．47、17．73、20．64和26．47分，呈显著增长趋势（F＝23．68，P＜0．001）；接受性听觉行为、语义上听觉行为和表达性语言行为得分显著增长的助听器佩戴时间分别为3、6和12个月；LEAQ得分的多元Logistic回归分析显示助听器选配月龄、儿童居住环境、看护人文化程度和听力损失程度是儿童助听后早期听觉言语感知及前语言能力发展的影响因素。结论低龄听障儿童在经助听器放大干预后12个月内LEAQ呈现显著增长态势；早期行助听器放大干预、看护人文化程度高和居住城镇地区有利于低龄听障儿童早期听觉行为能力发育；L EA Q是临床监测低龄儿童前语言时期听觉言语感知能力发育进程的有效工具。%Objective The objective of the present study was to evaluate the early auditory development in hearing impaired infants by LittlEARS® auditory questionnaire .Methods A total of 162 hearing impaired infants participated in the study .LEAQ consists of 35 items ,which were further divided into receptive auditory behavior , semantic auditory behavior ,and productive auditory behavior .The assessment was performed before hearing aid fit‐ting ,3 ,6 and 12 months after hearing aid fitting ,respectively .Results LEAQ scores improved dramatically in the first 12 months after hearing aid fitting ,total LEAQ scores prior to hearing aid fitting ,3 ,6 and 12 months after hearing aid fitting were 10 .47 ,17 .73 ,20 .64 and 26 .47 ,respectively .The receptive auditory behavior performance improved significantly after 3 months of hearing aid use .The duration of hearing aid use for dramatic improvement of semantic auditory behaviors ,and productive auditory behavior was 6 and 12 months ,respectively .The age of hearing aid fitting ,living environments ,degrees of parent education and degrees of hearing loss influenced LEAQscores significantly .Conclusion Hearing impaired infants exhibited significant auditory improvement in the first 12 months after hearing aids fitting .Early hearing aid fitting ,high level of parent education and well living environ‐ments promote preverbal auditory development .LEAQ is an effective tool for clinical auditory assessment and moni‐toring in infants and little toddlers .