听障儿童使用无线调频系统助听效果分析

摘要

目的：评价听障儿童佩戴助听设备并耦连无线调频系统（frenquency modulation system ，FM ）后的助听效果。方法采用儿童无线调频系统辅听效果评估问卷（FM listening evaluation for children）对使用人工耳蜗和／或助听器的27例3．48～5．5岁学龄前重度－极重度感音神经性聋儿童应用FM的助听效果进行评估。分别评估FM＋麦克风（microphone ，M ）（FM＋M ）和麦克风（M ）模式下其在安静环境、噪声环境、回避视觉及远距离4种聆听环境中的聆听效果（计算百分率），分数越高表明助听效果越好。结果 M 模式下总分为67．55％，安静环境得分85．33％，噪声环境60．54％，回避视觉69．58％，远距离69．58％，不同聆听环境下得分差异有统计学意义（ F＝49．53，P＜0．05），其中安静环境下聆听效果显著优于噪声、回避视觉及远距离环境；FM ＋ M 模式下总分为84．35％，安静环境得分94．89％，噪声环境81．35％，回避视觉83．56％，远距离83．29％，不同聆听环境下得分差异有统计学意义（F＝24．80，P＜0．05），其中，安静环境下聆听效果显著优于噪声、回避视觉及远距离环境。FM＋ M模式下聆听效果显著优于M模式（ P＜0．05）。结论 FM系统可提高佩戴助听设备的听障儿童在复杂环境下的聆听效果。%Objective To evaluate the hearing effects in hearing impaired children using FM system .Methods The FM listening evaluation for children questionnaire was used to evaluate 27 cases with sensorineural hearing loss who were fitted hearing aids or cochlear implants ,or using FM system .The auditory skills of the patients were evaluated in four kinds of listening environments :quiet ,noise ,auditory only and distance by this questionnaire . Each question required a subjective score based on the child's response .The higher the scores the better the results . The age range of the participants was 3 .48~5 .50 .On an average ,their experience of using hearing instruments was 2 .56 ± 0 .97 years .Results With local microphones only ,the total score was 67 .55% ;in quiet situation ,the score was 85 .33% ;in noise ,the score was 60 .54% ;with visual only ,the score was 69 .58% and in distance ,the score was 69 .5% .With frequency modulated + microphone ,the total score was 84 .35% ,in quiet situation ,the score was 94 .89% ,in noise ,the score was 81 .35% ,with visual only ,the score was 83 .56% ,and in distance ,and the score was 83 .29% .The score of the subjects with hearing instruments only in quiet was significant higher than those of in noise and long distance without eye clue situation(F=49 .53 ,P<0 .05) .The score of the subjects was significant improved after using FM system (P<0 .05) .The score of the subjects with hearing instruments and FM system in quiet was also significant higher than those of in noise ,long distance ,without eye clue situation(F=24 . 80 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion FM system could improve the listening experience in hearing impaired children in a com‐plex environment .However ,processes and programs for preschool hearing impaired children should be further standardized and improved when fitting FM system ,as findings of variability in questionnaire performance .