With the reliability enhancement of on board elements and components, propellant-exhausition will become the main reason for retirement of geostationary satellites. The on-orbit life time extension technology is to launch life-time extension vehicle and dock with the retired satellite, and then prolong the life time of retired satellite by refuelling or assisted control. Statistics and analysis of retired geostationary satellites in recent years are carried out in this paper, and then the basic concept of the on-orbit life extension technique and task are introduced, after that, typical GEO life-time extension projects are investigated, moreover the advance of key technique, such as rendezvous orbit planning and control, vision based measurement and relative navigation are introduced respectively. The development of on-orbit life time extension technique will have great impact on design and operation in the future of GEO satellites.%随着星上设备及元器件可靠性的提高,推进剂耗尽将成为未来静止轨道卫星的主要失效模式.静止轨道卫星在轨延寿技术可通过发射延寿飞行器与失效卫星对接,采用辅助控制或燃料加注方式,进一步延长卫星在轨工作寿命.本文首先对近年来静止轨道失效卫星进行了统计和分析,随后介绍了静止轨道卫星在轨延寿技术的基本概念和任务特点,在国外典型项目调研的基础上,对在轨延寿任务所涉及的交会轨迹规划与控制、视觉测量与导航等关键技术进行了分析.在轨延寿技术的发展必将对未来静止轨道卫星的设计及运营模式产生重要的影响.
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