多孔材料在整流罩内中高频降噪的应用与优化研究

摘要

基于JCA模型,采用有限元仿真和声学试验获取了三聚氰胺泡沫和吸音棉的声学参数,采用统计能量分析(SEA)方法建立了某卫星-整流罩的系统级模型.通过与混响室试验结果进行对比,验证了模型的正确性;并通过仿真和试验获取了两种材料对整流罩内噪声环境的降噪效果,分析了厚度、敷设率和敷设位置对降噪效果的影响.结果表明,采用结合Biot理论的SEA方法能有效预测整流罩内中高频噪声环境及多孔材料降噪效果;总降噪量与厚度、敷设率和敷设位置关系紧密,采用多孔材料降噪时应综合考虑以上因素.%Based on the JCA model,the FEM simulation and acoustic test are used to obtain the acoustic parameters of the melamine foam and sound-absorbing cotton,the satellite-fairing system is established by means of the statistical energy analysis (SEA).The correctness of the model is verified by comparing with the results of the reverberation chamber.The noise reduction effect of the two materials in the fairing internal noise environment is obtained through the simulation and experiment.The influence of the thickness,laying percentage and laying position for the noise reduction are analyzed with the validated model.The results show that the SEA method combined with the Biot theory can effectively predict the medium and high frequency noise environment and the noise reduction effect of the porous material in the fairing.The total uoise reduction is closely related to the thickness,laying rate and laying position,which should be considered when using the porous material for noise reduction.