基于 COⅠ基因的厦门海域鱼类 DNA 条形码鉴定

摘要

In this study,we collected DNA barcodes based on cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ)sequences from 23 species of fish specimens captured in Xiamen sea waters.The mean length of the sequences was 656 bp and the average content of T,C,G and A were 29.4%,28.1%,18.4% and 24.1%,respectively.The average Kimura two parameter (K2P)distances within-species,genus,family and order were 0.21%,20.50%,24.47% and 25.62%,respectively.Interspecific genetic distance was much larger than intraspecific distance from composition. K2P genetic distance values were found increasing with taxonomic level.All species,except for Decapterus maruad-si,can be differentiated by their COⅠ sequence.High efficiency of species identification was demonstrated in the present study by DNA barcoding,and we conclude that COⅠ sequencing can be used to identify fish species.%为研究 DNA 条形码技术在厦门海域鱼类分类鉴定中的可行性，随机选取了厦门海域23种鱼类样品进行 COⅠ基因扩增，结果共获取23条序列，平均长度为656 bp，序列中 T、C、G、A 碱基的平均含量分别为：29．40％、28．10％、18．40％、24．10％．样品种内、种间、科内和目内的遗传距离（K2P）分别为：0．21％，20．50％、24．47％和25．62％，遗传距离随着分类阶元的提高而增大，种间遗传距离明显大于种内遗传距离．所选厦门海域鱼类样品仅蓝圆鲹鉴定到圆鲹属，未能鉴定到种，其余22种全部鉴定到种，表明 COⅠ基因序列可以作为鱼类分类鉴定的有效 DNA 条形码．