首页> 中文期刊> 《安徽理工大学学报(社会科学版)》 >康德命题分类思想的混淆与澄清

康德命题分类思想的混淆与澄清

         

摘要

From Kant onwards, disputes about the classification of propositions have been going on, and relation-ships between various propositions are still in confusion. An underlying reason for these confusions is that people confuse the two meanings of “transcendental”, for which Kant was partly responsible. Confusions began when Kant put priori synthetic proposition, analytic proposition and synthetic proposition together as three paralleled propositions. In fact, a priori synthetic proposition should be understood as a kind of proposition that is defined from the light of the action that leads to the formation of a proposition, and should not be understood as a kind of proposition parallel with analytic proposition and synthetic proposition. In the light of the action that leads to a proposition, all propositions are a priori synthetic proposition. From the angle of validation, these propositions can be divided into analytic proposition, synthetic proposition and metaphysical proposition. Kant’ s triad also led to other confusions of proposition classification. To modify Kant’ s thought of proposition classification will make proposition classification more reasonable.%自康德起,关于命题分类问题的争论至今不息,而且各种类型命题之间的关系仍然混乱。这种混乱的潜在原因是人们混淆了“先验”概念的两种含义。康德对此负有责任。康德将先验综合命题与分析命题、综合命题并列为三种平行的命题是引起混乱的起点。事实上,先验综合命题应该被理解为从命题形成的活动界定的命题种类,不应该与分析命题和综合命题并列。从命题形成的活动方面看,所有命题都是先验综合命题。从这些命题的成真条件来划分,可分为分析命题、综合命题和形而上学命题。康德对命题三分的思想还导致他命题分类思想的其它混淆。对康德的命题分类思想进行修改将使得命题分类更合理。

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