直立型川麦冬叶片数·块根产量及黄酮·皂苷含量的相关性研究

摘要

[目的] 测定高产直立型川麦冬植株叶片数量、块根产量以及块根黄酮、皂苷含量,探讨性状-产量-品质的相关性及其变化规律.[方法] 在川麦冬主产区采集具有代表性的直立型麦冬植株,测定叶片数和块根产量,并以橙皮苷和麦冬皂苷D为对照品,用紫外分光光度法测定麦冬块根中总黄酮和总皂苷含量,采用t检验和相关回归法,用SPSS软件分析了麦冬植株叶片数、块根重量及黄酮、皂苷含量之间的关系.[结果] 直立型川麦冬的植株平均叶片数X为(69.70±15.30)张/窝,块根生物学产量Y为(29.59±11.24)g/窝,黄酮含量Z_1为(2.74±0.18)mg/g,皂苷含量Z_2为(93.34±1.33)mg/g,其性状-产量-品质的回归方程为:Y=0.468X+10.272Z_1+0.983Z_2-122.995,Z_1=0.002X+0.018Y+0.016Z_2-0.619,Z_2=0.246Y-0.103X+2.232Z_1+87.094,表明它们之间具有极显著相关性(P＜0.001~(***)).[结论] 直立型川麦冬为优质高产的麦冬资源类型,植株叶片数对麦冬光合产物积累和次生代谢产物的形成具有显著的影响,培育植株良好的叶片光合生态构型是麦冬优质高产的关键.%[Objective] The research aimed to measure the the leaf number, the tuber yield, the flavonoids and saponins contents of the erect type Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. and discuss the relationship among the traits, yield and quality and its change laws. [Method] In the main producing area of Ophiopogon jaonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl., the representative plants of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. were collected and the leaf number and the tuber yield were measured. With hesperidin and Ophiopogon jaonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl saponin D as the reference substance, the contents of total flavonoid and saponins in the tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. were measured by UV spectrophotometry. Using t test and regression method, the correlation among the leaf number, the tuber yield, the flavonoids content and the saponins content of Ophiopogon jaonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. were analyzed by SPSS software. [Result] The average leaf number of erect-type Ophiopogon japonicus was 69.70 ± 15.30, the tuber biological yield was (29.59 ± 11.24)g, the flavonoids content was (2.74±0.18)mg/g, the saponins content was (93.34±1.33)mg/g. The regression equation among the traits, yield and quality were as follows: Y=0.468X+10.272Z_1+0.983Z_2-122.995, Z_1=0.002X+0.018Y+0.016Z_2-0.619, Z_2=0.246Y- 0.103X+ 2.232Z1 +87.094, which showed the extremely significant correlation (P＜0.001~(***)). [Conclusion] The erect type Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. was one kind of resource type of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. with good quality and high yield. The leaf number of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl had significant effects on the photosynthate accumulation and the formation of its secondary metabolites. Cultivating plants with good ecological structure was the key for obtaining Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. with high yield and good quality.