近53年邢台地区气温和无霜期变化趋势分析

摘要

[目的]研究近53年邢台地区气温和无霜期变化趋势.[方法]根据邢台市和南宫县1958 ～2010年的气候资料,对邢台地区的气温及初霜日、终霜日、无霜期日数变化趋势进行一些统计分析,探讨近53年来该地区气温和无霜期的变化规律.[结果]无论城市或农村,年平均气温均呈升高趋势,邢台和南宫的气候倾向率分别为0.5、0.2℃/10a,尤其自1996年以后,年平均气温升高趋势约1.0℃/10a；四季平均气温均呈上升趋势,且与年平均气温升高幅度大致相当,其中冬季平均气温增幅最大,年平均气温的升高主要是由于冬季平均气温的升高引起的；城市的年平均气温明显高于农村,体现出城市的热岛效应特征.无论城市或农村,初霜日、终霜日、无霜期日数均呈现出相同趋势,即初霜日推迟,终霜日提前,无霜期日数明显延长；城市的初霜日晚于农村,终霜日则早于乡村,无霜期日数明显长于农村,间接受到城市热岛效应的影响.[结论]该研究为邢台地区热量资源的开发和利用提供理论依据.%[Objective ] The changes trend of temperature and frost-free period in Xinglai in recent 53 years were studir-d. [ Method ] Accord ing to the climate data of Xinglai City and Nangong County in 1958-2010, the changes trend of the temperature, ihe first and the last frost day, and the frost-free days in Xinglai was studied. The characteristics of the changes of temperature and frost-free days in Xingtai in recent 53 years were studied. [Result] No matter city or countryside, the annual average temperature was irwreasing. The climate tendency rale in Xingtai and Nangong was about 0.5 and 0.2 ℃ /10a. Especially, since 1996, the annual average temperature increasing trend was about I. 0 ℃/10a. The average temperature of the four seasons was also climbing and was similar to the increase span of the annual average tempera ture. The annual average temperature increasing span was the largest in winter. And the increase of the annual average temperature in winter was the largest and the increase of the annual average temperature was caused by the increase of the average temperature in winter. The urban annual average temperature was obviously higher than that of the countryside, which reflected the characteristics of tropical island effect. No matter in the city or the countryside, the early frost day, final frost day and frost-free day showed same tendency, namely the delay of early frost day, advance of Gnat-frost day, extension of fowl-zero day; the day of urban early frost was late than that of the countryside, and the final frost day was earlier than that of the countryside, the frost-zero days were longer than thai of countryside and indirectly influenced by urban heal effect. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for Ihe development and application of thermal resources in Xingtai.