[ Objective ] The aim was to provide scientific basis for breeding on the fruit length of summer squash. [ Method ] Inheritance of the fruit length of summer squash in P1, P2, F1, B1 , B2 and F2 from two crosses q-1 × 23-4G( cross 1 ) and q-1 × A-7 ( cross 2 ) was investigated by the mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model of quantitative traits. [ Result ] The results showed that the fruit length was controlled by D-2 model; Genetic effect of fruit length of cross 1 was mainly additive effect, but genetic effect of fruit length of cross 2 was mainly dominant effect. Heritability values of the genes of F2 were relatively high and the environmental effect was relatively low. [ Conclusion] The fruit length breeding of summer squash should be selected in early generation selection.%[目的]为西葫芦果长育种提供依据.[方法]选用蔓生和矮生的西葫芦自交系配制q-1×23-4G(组合1)和q-1×A-7(组合2)2个组合,构建P1、F1、P2、B1、B2和F,26个家系世代群体,应用植物数量性状主基因-多基因混合遗传模型对该6个世代群体果长进行多世代联合分析.[结果]2个组合的西葫芦的果长遗传为1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因(D-2)遗传模型,组合1以加性效应为主,而组合2以显性效应为主;2个组合F2的基因遗传率较高,环境影响相对较小.[结论]西葫芦果长育种宜早代选择.
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