历史文化名村的保护与开发--以苏州市明月湾古村为例

摘要

Moon Bay is the first published ancient village needed to be protected, as well as the one of the famous historic and cultural villages in China.Due to the poor protection awareness, Moon Bay ancient village was once seriously destroyed.We introduced the relevant concepts and protected object of famous historic and cultural villages.The protection and development status of Moon Bay ancient village were analyzed in recent years from the aspect of cultural heritage.It was pointed out that Moon Bay ancient village had several problems, such as imperfect protection and development system, poor protect consciousness of villagers, bad protection status of some cultural heritages, excessive develop-ment,and lack of cultural characteristics .Based on these, suggestions were put forward, including perfecting the protection system of famous historic and cultural villages, implementing classification protection, strengthening publicity and education, and standardizing the management and reasonable development.%明月湾是苏州市首批公布保护的古村落，是首批国家级历史文化名村之一。由于保护意识淡薄，明月湾古村一度遭到较为严重的破坏。笔者介绍了历史文化名村的相关概念及其保护对象，纵观明月湾古村的保护与开发现状，从文化遗产的角度对明月湾古村近年来的保护与开发状况进行了分析，认为明月湾古村存在保护与开发体系不完善，村民保护意识不足，部分文化遗产保护状况欠佳，并且古村开发过度、文化特色缺失等问题。笔者据此提出相关建议，强调完善历史文化名村保护体系，实施多层次、分类保护，加强宣传教育，规范管理并进行合理开发。