The demand of water is growing as the population grows.Water resources protection and rational conservation can make a signifi-cant impact on the development of national economy. From 2001 to 2015, the gross of water resources in Yunnan province has reduced from 256 billion 194 million cubic meters to 187 billion 200 million cubic meters.The amount of water resources in Kunming in 2015 was about 6 billion 643 million cubic meters while used in agriculture was only about 12%.In order to solve water shortage and regional water resources se-curity issues, the research of virtual water is introduced.Combined with the meteorological data, this paper calculates and analyzes the water requirements and irrigation requirements of main crops in Kunming by using CROPWAT to determine irrigation requirement of different crops with water demand satisfying ratio.After research and calculation, the average annual water requirements of sugarcane,rice,potato,peanut and other crops were 1174.50,701.75,488.10 and 434.00 mm respectively.Correspondingly, the irrigation requirements were about 717.30, 715.20,170.50,119.35 mm.This research, in the light of the actual situation of water resources in Kunming, provides some theoretical basis for the cultivation of crops and the establishment of water-saving irrigation system.%人类对水资源的需求量随着人口数量的增长而增长,水资源保护与合理开发对国民经济的发展有着重要影响.云南省2001—2015年水资源总量由2561.94亿m3降低到1872.00亿m3;其中昆明市2015年水资源总量为66.43亿m3,农业用水只占总量的12%.为解决水资源短缺和区域水资源安全问题,从而引入虚拟水的研究.结合气象资料,利用CROPWAT软件对昆明主要农作物需水量和灌溉用水量进行计算分析,在满足保证率的情况下,确定不同作物的灌溉用水量.通过研究计算,甘蔗、水稻、马铃薯、花生等作物的多年平均需水量分别为1174.50、701.75、488.10和434.00 mm,灌溉需水量为717.30、715.20、170.50、119.35 mm.该研究可根据昆明的水资源实际情况为农作物种植和制订相应的节水灌溉制度提供一些理论依据.
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