采收方式对周口烟区烤烟上部叶烘烤效果的影响

摘要

[Objective] To research the effects of harvesting methods on the upper leaves curing in Zhoukou Tobacco Area.[Method] Compar-ative test method was adopted to research and analyze the agronomic characters, chemical components and economic benefits of three harves-ting methods, which were conventional curing ( T1 ) , one-time upper leaf curing ( T2 ) and curing with stalk ( T3 ) .[ Result] Except that the leaf length had relatively great differences, different treatments showed little differences in field agronomic characters of tobacco leaves.Nico-tine content in flue-cured tobacco was 2.58-2.68%;nitrogen contents in three treatments from high to low were in the order of T1 , T2 and T3 .The contents of reducing sugar and total sugar from high to low were in the order of T2 , T1 and T3 .Chlorine content was relatively low, T3 treatments was 0.08 percentage points higher than T2;single leaf weight in T1 was the maximum (13.15 g);yield was the highest in T1 treat-ment, which was 70.2 g higher than that in T2 treatment.Proportions of first-class tobaccos and middle-class tobaccos from high to low were in the order of T3 , T2 and T1 .Proportion of middle-class tobaccos in treatment T3 was 4.97 percentage points higher than that in T1 , and 0.67 percentage points higher than that in T2 .Average price in T3 treatment was 0.49 and 0.08 yuan/kg higher than those in T1 and T2 , re-spectively.[ Conclusion] Curing with stalk has obvious economic advantages, the flue-cured tobacco leaves has high quality and economic value.%[目的]研究不同采收方式对周口烟区烤烟上部叶烘烤效果的影响.[方法]采用对比试验,分别对常规采烤(T1)、上部叶一次性采烤(T2)、带茎烘烤(T3)3种采烤方式的农艺性状、化学成分、经济效益进行了研究.[结果]除叶长差异较大外,不同处理大田烟叶农艺性状差异不大;不同处理烤后烟叶化学成分烤后烟的烟碱含量为2.58%~2.68%,总氮含量从高到低依次为T1、T2、T3,还原糖与总糖的含量从高到低依次为T2、T1、T3,氯含量较低,T3比T2高出0.08百分点;T1处理单叶重最重(13.15 g),产量也最高,比T2处理高70.2 kg/hm2,上等烟的比例与中等烟的比例从高到低依次为T3、T2、T1,其中T3处理中等烟的比例比T1处理高4.97百分点,比T2高0.73百分点;T3处理上等烟比例比T1处理高4.97百分点,比T2处理高0.67百分点;T3处理的均价比T1处理高0.49元/kg,比T2处理高0.08元/kg.[结论]带茎烘烤有明显的经济优势,其烤后烟叶的品质较好,经济价值较高.