盐碱砂土地小麦适宜施肥模式研究

摘要

[Objective] To study the optimum fertilization model of wheat in saline-alkali sand land. [Method] With Huaimai 33 as material, by adjusting the type and dosage of fertilizer application at different stages,the effect of different fertilization modes on wheat growth and devel-opment was studied,the best fertilization model that was suitable for Shanghai farm saline land was screened.[Result]Basal fertilizer for com-pound fertilizer 375.0 kg/hm2+ 150.0 kg/hm2, seedling fertilizer for urea 75.0 kg/hm2, jointing booting fertilizer for compound fertilizer 225.0 kg/hm2+ 225.0 kg/hm2urea fertilization model ① compared with basal fertilizer for compound fertilizer 225.0 kg/hm2+ urea 150.0 kg/hm2,seedling fertilizer for urea 75.0 kg/hm2,jointing booting fertilizer for compound fertilizer 225.0 kg/hm2+ 187.5 kg/hm2ure-a fertilization model②,plant morphology,earing rate,number of ears and grains showed certain advantages,theory output and input and out-put ratio were higher.[Conclusion] Treatment①is the recommended fertilization model that is suitable for the production of wheat in salt-al-kali sand land in Shanghai.%[目的]研究适宜盐碱砂土地小麦种植的最佳施肥模式.[方法]选用淮麦33为供试品种,通过调整不同生育期肥料施用类型及用量,制定不同的施肥模式,研究不同施肥模式对小麦生长发育的影响,筛选适宜上海农场盐碱砂土地的最佳施肥模式.[结果]基肥为复合肥375.0 kg/hm2+尿素150.0 kg/hm2,苗肥为尿素75.0 kg/hm2,拔节孕穗肥为复合肥225.0 kg/hm2+尿素225.0 kg/hm2的施肥模式①相较于基肥为复合肥225.0 kg/hm2+尿素150.0 kg/hm2,苗肥为尿素75.0 kg/hm2,拔节孕穗肥为复合肥225.0 kg/hm2+尿素187.5 kg/hm2的施肥模式②,在植株形态、成穗率、穗数、穗粒数等方面均表现出一定优势,理论产量和投入产出比较高.[结论]处理①是适宜上海农场盐碱砂土地小麦生产的推荐施肥模式.