基于 Kalman 滤波的联合收获机籽粒清选损失监测研究

摘要

In order to reduce the impact of interference signal code of cereal grains , achieve real-time monitoring work combine harvester process quantity , and improve the monitoring accuracy , it designs a new seed sorting and monitoring system .The system uses the method of Kalman filtering to shorten the decay time of the impact plate grain collision sig-nal , which can effectively reduce the interference problem between signal code .In order to verify the validity and relia-bility of the system , the grain cleaning system has been tested by choosing two groups of different grain plumpness degree as the research objects .Through the test has been bombarding voltage response curves of two groups of grain .Finally , respectively Kalman filter and the unfiltered signal attenuation curve and grain cleaning error , by contrast the results , it can be found that Kalman filter can shorten the signal decay time obviously , which reduces the influence among grain in-ter symbol interference on the system monitoring precision , and reduces the cleaning error .And it greatly improves the grain loss monitor of the working efficiency in the system , which provides the theory reference for optimization design of combine harvester .%为了解决谷物籽粒撞击信号码间串扰问题，实现联合收获机工作过程中谷物损失量的实时监测，并提高监测的精度，设计了一种新的籽粒清选监测系统。该系统采用Kalman 滤波的方法缩短了籽粒撞击板信号的衰减时间，从而可以有效地降低信号的码间串扰。为了验证系统的有效性和可靠性，对籽粒清选系统进行了测试，选取了两组饱满程度不同的籽粒作为研究对象，通过测试得到了两组籽粒的撞击电压响应曲线，并分别对比了Kalman滤波和未滤波的信号衰减曲线和籽粒的清选误差。由对比结果可以发现：Kalman 滤波能明显地缩短信号的衰减时间，降低了籽粒间码间串扰对系统监测精度的影响及清选误差，大大提高了籽粒损失监测系统的工作效率，为联合收割机的优化设计提供了理论参考。