针对贵州丘陵山地小地块移栽作业特点和需要,依托2ZBZ-2A型自走式半自动移栽机,设计改进了一种通过凸轮摆杆机构结合拉线控制的鸭嘴栽植器结构.通过建立栽植器凸轮摆杆机构数学模型,搭建了凸轮摆杆机构主要结构参数与鸭嘴开合规律间的关系.基于对栽植器栽植轨迹特点和投苗时序的分析,采用盘式凸轮零部件生成器对所涉及的凸轮摆杆机构进行了三维虚拟设计,并结合从动摆杆运动学特征曲线对鸭嘴开合特征进行了分析,表明该机构能够满足设计功能要求.同时,开展了栽植器凸轮摆杆机构的样机试制和试验,试验结果表明:移栽机正常作业过程中,鸭嘴接苗准确,鸭嘴开合振动量小,工作较为平稳,基本无带苗、夹苗现象.%With the aim to relieve the needs of transplanting on small hilly land in GuiZhou province which considers its terrain and planting characteristics, a duckbill planting mechanism was designed and improved depended on 2ZBZ-2A self-propelled semi-automatic transplanter.The relationship between the main structural parameters of the cam and combined rocker and the opening and closing rules of duckbill is established by the mathematic model of the mechanism.Through the analysis of the planting trajectory characteristics and the timing of throwing seedlings, a cam component generator which belongs to Autodesk Inventor/Pro was used to design the cam and combined rocker mechanism, and analyzed the kinematic characteristic of the rocker.The result of analysis shows that the mechanism can meet the functional requirements well.At the same time, the trial and debugging were carried out.The result showed the duckbill grafting was accurate during 2ZBZ-2A semi-automatic transplanter normal operation, the vibration of the duckbill opening and closing was small, its work was stable, no clipping seedlings.In this paper, the transplanting performance of the planting mechanism which is based on the cam and combined rocker and control the duckbill opening and closing with a pull line basically can meet the work requirements.
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