论张竹坡小说评点的八股思维及其得失

摘要

The eight-legged essay was the main theoretical resources of Zhang Zhupo's fiction criticism. He believed that the symmetry principle of the eight-legged essays was used in the plot arrangement of Golden Lotus. He also analyzed the novel with writing techniques of the eight-legged essays, and completely aban⁃doned the previous novel criticism tendency. He paid attention to the study of the artistic forms of the novel techniques, and made his criticism of the novel was more literary, but its criticism lacks the independent theo⁃retical character.%八股文是张竹坡小说评点的主要理论资源，他认为《金瓶梅》在情节安排上借鉴了八股文“股法”中的对称原则；他还以八股之“起承转合”“钓钩渡挽”“草蛇灰线法”来分析小说情节的衔接与照应；他借用八股文代言理论提出了“情理说”，用以分析人物形象；并以八股“主脑”的统摄功能来分析小说主旨的创设。张竹坡完全摒弃了以往重道轻文的小说批评倾向，注重探讨小说的艺术形式技巧，使小说评点向文学批评靠近，但其评点文字却缺乏独立的理论品格。