早产儿发生坏死性小肠结肠炎危险因素临床分析

摘要

Objective To preterm infants necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)risk factors of the disease. Method A retrospective analysis of clinical data of NEC patients(observation group)and without NEC(control group)admitted in the hospital neonatal unit,including ob-stetric factors,Intrapartum factors,The general health situation in preterm infants,NEC disease condition before onset,with or without oral probiotics 27 projects,etc,Application of statistical software SPSS(16 )for single factor and multiple factors analysis. Results 37 cases of observation group,62 cases of control group,two groups in gender,birth weight,gestational age,birth weight and gestational age had no sta-tistical significance(P > 0. 05). Single factor analysis showed that:the observation group intrapartum asphyxia,pneumonia,respiratory fail-ure,born after oxygen,sepsis,septic shock,disseminated intravascular coagulation,stress stomach bleeding,congenital heart disease with heart failure,intravenous input large dose of gamma globulin,add milk to fast and need to plug the dew purge 12 project ratio was higher than the control group. Application of prenatal corticosteroids,ill before breastfeeding and oral probiotics 3 project ratio was lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P < 0. 05),the rest of the project no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P > 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis,the results showed that breastfeeding(OR = 0. 204)and oral probiotics(OR =0. 078)to protect factors,pneumonia(OR = 8. 785),add milk to fast(OR = 3. 851)and the need to open plug dew purge(OR = 7. 314) for risk factors. Conclusion Breastfeeding and oral probiotics is preterm infants NEC protection factors,pneumonia,add milk to fast and the need to plug dew purge is preterm infants NEC risk factors.%目的：探讨早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）发病的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析新生儿监护室收治的 NEC 患儿（观察组）及非 NEC 患儿（对照组）的临床资料，包括产科因素、产时因素、早产儿一般情况、NEC 发病前疾病情况及有无口服益生菌等27个项目，应用 SPSS 16统计软件进行单因素及多因素分析。结果：观察组37例，对照组62例，两组性别、出生体重、胎龄、出生体重、胎龄比较差异均无统计学意义（P >0.05）。单因素分析显示：观察组产时窒息、肺炎、呼吸衰竭、生后吸氧、败血症、感染性休克、弥漫性血管内凝血、应激性胃出血、先天性心脏病伴心力衰竭、静脉输入大剂量丙种球蛋白、加奶过快及需开塞露通便12个项目比例高于对照组。产前应用糖皮质激素、发病前母乳喂养及口服益生菌3个项目比例低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05），其余项目两组差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。Logistic 回归分析，结果显示母乳喂养（OR =0.204）和口服益生菌（OR =0.078）为保护因素，肺炎（OR =8.785）、加奶过快（OR =3.851）和需开塞露通便（OR =7.314）为危险因素。结论：母乳喂养、口服益生菌是早产儿 NEC 发病的保护因素，肺炎、加奶过快、需开塞露通便是早产儿 NEC 发病的危险因素。