Objective To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of recombinant human thrombopoietin( rhTPO)in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with solid tumors. Method Crossover study was performed. Thirty-eight patients with solid tumor who had platelet count≤75 × 109/L after the first chemotherapy cycle( control cycle)were enrolled into this study. At the be-ginning of the second cycle,patients in group A received rhTPO subcutaneously administered 3 days before the chemotherapy at a dosage of every day for 7 days. In Group B,rhTPO was subcutaneously administered 6~24 h after the chemotherapy at a dosage of every day for 7 days. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the extent and duration of the chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia a-mong group A and B and control group( P﹤0. 05). The lowest value of platelet,the duration of the platelet count≤50 × 109/L and the time of platelet count≥100 × 109/L were significantly shorter in group A than those in group B(P﹤0. 01). Conclusion Recombinant hu-man thrombopoietin can be effectively and safely administered to relieve the extent and duration of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytope-nia in patients with solid tumor. Better effect can be achieved when administered before the second chemotherapy cycle.%目的：评价重组人血小板生成素（ recombinant human thrombopoietin，rhTPO）对肿瘤化疗后血小板减少的疗效和不良反应。方法：采用自身对照交叉研究方法，对第1周期（对照周期）化疗后PLT≤75×109/L的38例实体肿瘤患者于第2周期采用相同化疗方案，随机分为A、B两组，每组19例患者。A组：第2周期化疗前3天开始皮下注射rhTPO（15000μ），每日1次，连用7 d；B组：第2周期化疗结束后6~24 h注射rhTPO（15000μ），1次/d，连用7 d。结果：与对照周期相比，A、B两组血小板减少程度和持续时间差异有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）；A、B两组比较，血小板最低值、血小板≤50×109/L持续时间及血小板恢复至≥100×109/L时间差异有统计学意义（ P﹤0.01）。结论：rhTPO可减少PLT降低程度和持续时间，提前给药效果更佳，且无严重不良反应。
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