输血不良反应101例次临床分析

摘要

Objective To summarize the incidences of transfusion‐related adverse reactions and analyze the influencing factors .Methods The data of clinical transfusion‐related adverse reactions occurred in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital in the annual of 2013‐2014 were retrospectively reviewed and the factors related to that were statistically analyzed .Results Of 53485 case‐times received blood transfusion in the annual ,101 case‐times(0.19% ) were reported to have transfusion‐related adverse reactions ,which included anaphylactic reactions in 71 case‐times (70.30% ) ,fever in 28 case‐times (27.72% ) ,chest distress in one case‐time and hemolytic reaction in one case‐times .The incidence of transfusion‐related adverse reactions was higher in the patients with suspended red blood cells transfusion than that in those with suspended leukocyte‐poor red blood cells transfusion(P<0 .05) , which was not significantly different between the patients transfused with single donor platelets and irradiation solid platelets(P>0 .05) .The incidence of transfusion‐related adverse reactions was higher in the patients with a history of pregnancy or blood transfusion than those without[84.2% (85/101) vs .15.8% (16/101)](P<0 .01) .Conclusion Transfusion‐related adverse reactions are commonly seen in the patients with a history of pregnancy or blood transfusion .Transfusion of suspended leukocyte‐poor red blood cells and virus‐inactivated refrigerated plasma can effectively reduce the incidence of transfusion‐related adverse reactions .%目的：总结输血不良反应发生情况，分析其影响因素。方法回顾南京鼓楼医院2013‐2014年度输血相关不良反应101例次的临床资料，分析其影响因素。结果全年年度输血53485例次，发生输血不良反应101例次，输血不良反应发生率为0.19％。其中，过敏性反应71例次（70.30％），发热反应28例次（27.72％），另有胸闷和溶血反应各1例。悬浮红细胞的输血不良反应发生率高于悬浮少白红细胞（P＜0．05）；单采血小板的输血不良反应发生率和辐照单采血小板相仿（ P＞0．05）。有妊娠和输血史患者的输血不良反应发生率明显高于无妊娠和输血史者[84.2％（85／101） v s ．15.8％（16／101）]（ P＜0．01）。结论有妊娠史或输血史的患者更易发生输血不良反应，输注悬浮少白红细胞和病毒灭活冰冻血浆能有效降低输血反应。