常州市新北区职业卫生现况调查

摘要

目的：了解常州市新北区职业卫生现状，提出相应的职业卫生管理对策。方法以调查表和信息系统抽样调查相结合的方式，2011－2013年对全区不同行业进行职业卫生调查。结果全区存在职业病危害的单位主要集中在机械和化工行业；大、中型企业职业卫生管理措施较好，小型企业较差；物理因素点超标率为21.85％、生产性粉尘点超标率为20.81％、化学毒物点超标率为15.60％；职业病危害因素中铬及其无机化合物（75.00％）、二甲基甲酰酯（63.64％）、高温（54.55％）点超标率较高；2011－2013年检出疑似职业病186人，确诊病17人，以机械和化工行业职业病检出最多（70.59％），职业病类型以慢性职业中毒为主（47.06％）。结论新北区总体职业卫生状况仍存在较大问题，应加强重点行业的监管，加强职业病的监测和预警。%Objective To investigate current status of occupational health in Xinbei District of Changzhou;to make corre-sponding occupational health management strategies.Methods Questionnaire-based survey and sampling investigation were combined;different industries were investigated for occupational health status from 2011 to 2013.Results Enterprises with occupational hazards mainly were chemical and machinery industries.Occupational health management measures in large and medium sized enterprises were better than small sized enterprises.21.85% surveyed points exceeded standard for physical fac-tors,20.81% surveyed points exceeded standard for production dust,and 15.60% surveyed points exceeded standard for chemical poisons.Among occupational health hazard factors,chromium and inorganic compound (75.00%),dimethyl formyl ester (63.64%),high temperature (54.55%)had relative high rates exceeding the standard.A total of 186 occupational sus-pected patients were detected,17 were confirmed,who were mainly in chemical and machinery industries (70.59%);chronic occupational intoxication was major occupational disease category (47.06%).Conclusion The occupational health status in Xinbei Distict was generally not satisfactory.Supervision on key industries should be strengthened;surveillance and early warning for occupational diseases should be enhanced.