江苏草莓灰霉病菌对5种杀菌剂的抗药性

摘要

为明确江苏草莓灰霉病菌对5种杀菌剂(嘧霉胺、多菌灵、异菌脲、腐霉利和乙霉威)抗药性现状,2011年和2012年在江苏5个草莓产区分别采集133个和206个草莓灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)菌株,采用菌丝生长速率法测定其对嘧霉胺的敏感性,采用最低抑制浓度法(MIC)测定2012年206个草莓灰霉病菌菌株对多菌灵、腐霉利、异菌脲、乙霉威的抗药性.检测结果显示,201 1年和2012年草莓灰霉病菌抗嘧霉胺的菌株比例分别达到77.4％和66.0％；2012年采集的206个菌株中,抗多菌灵、腐霉利、异菌脲和乙霉威的菌株比例分别达到80.6％、11.2％、64.6％和54.4％；不同地区草莓灰霉病菌对不同药剂的敏感程度不同.根据菌株对5种杀菌剂的抗、感表现,在江苏检测到17种抗性表现型；其中对腐霉利和乙霉威敏感及对多菌灵、异菌脲和嘧霉胺抗药的菌株占30.6％；对腐霉利敏感及对多菌灵、异菌脲、乙霉威和嘧霉胺抗药的菌株占21.8％；其他表现型菌株所占比例均在10.0％以下.表明,江苏草莓灰霉病菌对多菌灵、异菌脲、乙霉威和嘧霉胺均已产生抗药性,迫切需要筛选新的杀菌剂防治草莓灰霉病.%To investigate the resistance of Botrytis cinerea to five fungicides, in 2011 and 2012, 133 and 206 isolates of Botrytis cinerea from strawberry were collected in five regions of Jiangsu province, and the sensibility of isolates to pyrime-thanil were detected by mycelial growth rate method. The resistance of 206 isolates to carbendazim, procymidone, iprodione and diethofencarb were detected by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC ) method. The results revealed that the percentages of resistant isolates to pyrimethanil were 77. 4% and 66. 0% in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The percentages of resistant isolates to carbendazim, procymidone, iprodione and diethofencarb were 80. 6% , 11. 2% ,64. 6% and 54.4% , respectively. The regions affected the sensibility, 17 resistance types of B. cinerea were identified. The isolates sensitive to procymidone and diethofencarb and resistant to carbendazim, iprodione and pyrimethanil accounted for 30. 6% , and the isolates sensitive to procymidone and resistant to diethofencarb, carbendazim, iprodione and pyrimethanil accounted for 21. 8%. The percentages of other resistance types were all less than 10. 0%. These results suggest that Botrytis cinerea from strawberry in Jiangsu has yield resistances to carbendazim, pyrimethanil, iprodione and diethofencarb, and it' s urgent to apply new fungicide to control B. cinerea.