膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口术实施延伸护理的效果分析

摘要

目的 探讨膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口术实施延伸护理的效果.方法 选择2014年1月至2018年1月在本院行尿流改道腹壁造口术治疗的膀胱癌患者80例为研究对象,随机分为延伸护理组与对照组各40例.对照组给予常规出院健康教育,延伸护理组在常规护理及出院健康教育基础上给予延伸护理.比较两组生活质量、SAS、SDS评分、造口护理能力以及并发症情况.结果 术后3个月,延伸护理组生理质量共性模块总分[(78.1±5.2)分]、特性模块总分[(76.8±7.1)分]以及总分[(77.3±8.4)分]均显著高于术前及对照组术后,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).术后3个月延伸护理组SAS、SDS评分[(40.2±5.5)分、(41.0±5.4分)]较术前[(55.8±6.6)分、(60.5±7.5分)]及对照组术后3个月[(52.5±4.8)分、(52.2±5.0分)]显著下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).出院1个月,延伸护理组对造口护理能力评分显著高于对照组[(15.5±1.8)分比(12.0±3.4)分],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).随访6个月,延伸护理组造口相关并发症、尿路感染发生率显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).结论 延伸护理用于膀胱癌尿流改道腹部造口术后能够显著提高患者生活质量,改善焦虑抑郁情绪,提高造口护理能力,降低术后并发症.%Objective To explore the effect of transitional care on urinary diversion and abdominal wall stoma of bladder cancer.Methods Eighty patients with bladder cancer who underwent urinary diversion and abdominal wall stoma from January,2014 to January,2018 were randomly divided into a transitional nursing group and a control group,40 cases for each group.The control group was given routine care and health education,while the transitional nursing group was given transitional nursing on the basis of the routine care and health education.The quality of life,scores of SAS and SDS,stoma nursing ability,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results 3 months after the operation,the scores of physiological quality common module and characteristic module as well as total score were (78.1±5.2),(76.8±7.1),(77.3±8.4) in the transitional nursing group,which were significantly higher than those of before the operation and those in the control group,with statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).3 months after the operation,the scores of SAS and SDS were (40.2±5.5) and (41.0±5.4) in the transitional nursing group,which were significantly lower than those before the operation [(55.8±6.6) and (60.5±7.5)] and those in the control group [(52.5±4.8) and (52.2±5.0)] (P ＜ 0.05).One month after discharge,the score of stoma nursing ability in the transitional nursing group was higher than that in the control group [(15.5± 1.8) vs.(12.0±3.4),P ＜ 0.05].After 6 months follow-up,the incidences of stomarelated complications and urinary tract infection in the transitional nursing group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Transitional care for bladder cancer after urinary diversion and abdominal stoma can significantly improve the quality of life,anxiety and depression,and ability of stoma care,and reduce postoperative complications.