流动女性产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the incidence and risk factors of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in the migrant women,and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of PFD.Methods 1295 pregnant women from a hospital in Guangzhou city and a hospital in Foshan city from July 2014 to March 2015 were selected with the convenience sampling method.Influence factors were investigated with self-designed questionnaire.The quality of life was assessed with SF-36 health survey.Results The incidence of PFD in the migrant women postpartum 42 d was 25.08％;multiple logistic regression analysis showed that weight gain during pregnancy,labor duration during the second stage,the history of diabetes or gestational diabetes were risk factors of PFD;the score of each dimension of SF-36 scale of pregnant women with PFD were significantly lower than those of normal pregnant women (P＜0.05).Conclusion We should pay attention to the occurrence of PFD in the migrant women,strengthen the health education for the migrant women,reasonably control gestational weight,avoid the increase of abdominal pressure,so as to prevent the occurrence of PFD.%目的 了解流动女性产后盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)的发生率及危险因素,为流动人口PFD的防治提供理论依据.方法 采取便利抽样法,抽取广州市和佛山市各一所医院2014年7月至2015年3月分娩并在产后42 d来院复查的产妇1295例.采用自行设计的调查表进行影响因素调查.生存质量的评定采用SF-36健康调查简表.结果 流动女性产后42 d PFD发生率为25.08％;多因素Logistic回归分析显示孕期体重增加、第二产程时间、孕期及既往糖尿病是PFD的危险因素;PFD产妇SF-36量表各维度得分均明显低于正常产妇(P＜0.05).结论 应当重视流动女性PFD的发生情况,加大对流动女性的健康宣教,合理控制孕期体重,避免增加腹压,从而预防PFD的发生.