营养不良与儿童危重症的关系及肠内肠外营养对病情的影响

摘要

营养不良在危重症患儿中存在较高的发病率.营养支持对危重患儿的病情转归具有重要影响,合理的营养支持不仅能够纠正危重患儿营养状态,亦可以改善患儿的临床预后.肠内营养及肠外营养支持方式各自有优缺点,如何将肠内及肠外营养均衡地结合,提供更好的个体化营养支持及治疗方案,将成为营养支持主要的研究方向.该文对危重患儿营养不良风险、危重患儿营养不良筛查及肠内肠外营养对病情的影响进行综述.%The incidence of malnutrition is high among critically ill children.Thus, nutritional support has a major influence on the prognosis of critically ill children.Appropriate nutritional support can not only correct the poor nutritional status of critically ill children, but also improve the clinical prognosis.Fortunately, there are enteral and parenteral nutrition support available, but both have advantages and disadvantages.How to combine enteral and parenteral nutrition for a better personalized nutrition support plan, has become the major focus of nutritional support.In this regard, the nutrition risk, malnutrition screening and the effect of enteral/parenteral nutrition on the disease severity are summarized in this review.