早产儿脑损伤的早期评估研究进展

摘要

Improvements in prenatal and neonatal intensive care have raised the premature infants survival rate.Meanwhile,the incidence of premature brain injury is also increased.White matter iniury is one of the most common diseases of brain injury in premature infants and often leads to neurodevelopment delays and cognitive impairment.Early diagnosis and treatment of brain injury in preterm infants are important to improve their quality of life.Recent studies have shown that early detection of brain injure is benefited from some monitoring methods,including the electrophysiology,imaging,biochemical markers and cerebral oxygen metabolism of premature infants.%围产医学的迅速发展及重症监护水平的不断提高使得早产儿的存活率逐年增加,同时其脑损伤的发生率也显著升高.脑白质损伤是早产儿脑损伤最常见的形式之一,常导致患儿出现不同程度的神经发育延迟及认知障碍等后遗症.早期诊断和治疗对改善其生活质量有重要意义.近年来研究表明,对早产儿生后早期行电生理学、影像学、生化指标、脑氧代谢等方面的检查和监测,有利于脑损伤的早期诊断.