Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
Materials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
Materials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
Iron & Steel Technological Center, Liaoning Special Steel (Group) Co. Ltd, Dalian 116031, China;
Department of Powder Metallurgy, Advanced Technology & Materials Co. Ltd, Beijing 100081, China;
Materials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
Iron & Steel Technological Center, Liaoning Special Steel (Group) Co. Ltd, Dalian 116031, China;
60Si2MnA spring steel; bar; rod; elasto-plastic FEM; thermo-mechanical coupled; metal flow;