体素内不相干运动扩散成像在乳腺癌中的研究进展

摘要

Intravoxel incoherent motion DWI (IVIM-DWI) is a new DWI technique,which uses the IVIM double exponential model to obtain parameters,such as the pure diffusion coefficient,the pseudo-diffusion coefficient,and the perfusion fraction,etc.Thus,IVIM-DWI can be used to non-invasively quantify the pure diffusion of water molecules and microcirculation perfusion of body tissue separately in vivo,and it has obvious advantages compared with the traditional DWI.IVIM-DWI has been gradually apphed to clinical practice,and it has become one of the hot spots in breast cancer research.This paper describes the basic principle of IVIM-DWI and its related parameters,then discusses the effect of b-value selection on the relevant parameters.The progress of this technique in breast cancer (malignant identification,molecular typing,prognostic factors and efficacy evaluation,etc.) and the challenges are reviewed.%体素内不相干运动DWI(IVIM-DWI)是DWI的新技术,其应用IVIM双指数模型,获取纯扩散系数、假扩散系数以及灌注分数等参数,可无创性地量化在体组织的水分子扩散和微循环灌注信息,较传统DWI有明显优势.IVIM-DWI已逐渐应用于临床,目前已成为乳腺癌研究的热点之一.阐述IVIM-DWI的基本原理及其相关参数的含义,并探讨b值选择对相关参数获得的影响,对该技术在乳腺病灶良恶性鉴别,乳腺癌分子分型、预后因子以及疗效评价等方面的研究进展及其面对的挑战予以综述.