目的 探讨重症监护病房(ICU)铜绿假单胞茵的耐药性及其变迁,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据.方法 细菌鉴定使用法国梅里埃公司提供的ATB Expression鉴定系统,药敏实验采用K-B纸片法.先对比ICU病房与普通病房铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性,再比较ICU病房2006年与2007年铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性.结果 本院ICU病房铜绿假单胞菌对20种常用抗生素耐药率较低的依次为阿米卡星(6.7%～9.4%)、环丙沙星(7.7%～24.7%)、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(11.5%～34.0%)、头孢他啶(11.5%～37.7%)、氨曲南(20.2%～40.6 0A);ICU病房的耐药率高于普通病房;2007年ICU病房铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美洛培南、亚胺培南、氨曲南等药物耐药率比2006年有较大升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 我院ICU病房铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性较强,且呈逐年上升趋势,定期回顾药敏结果,及时为临床提供最新的流行病学和耐药性变迁资料,具有重要意义.%Objective To discuss the drug resistance and the vicissitude of Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in order to provide basis for rational use of antibiotics in clinic. Methods Identification of bacteria was performed by applying ATB Expression Identification System produced by BioMerieux Company; drug susceptibility tesr was done by using K-B method. The drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was compared between ICU and general wards; and then the difference of drug resistance was investigated between 2006 and 2007. Resnlts The more sensitive an-tibiotics to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU of our hospital were as follows, amikacin (resistance rate 6.7%-9.4%), eiprofloxacin (resistance rate 7.7%-24.7%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (resistance rate 11.5%-34%), ceftazidime (resistance rate 11.5%-37.7%), aztreonam (resistance rate 20.2%-40.6%). The drug resistance rate of ICU was higher than that of the general wards, and the drug re-sistance rates to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sutbaetam,meropenem, imipenem and aztreo-nam in 2007 were significantly higher than those in 2006 (P<0.01). Conclusion The drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU of our hospital was very high,and it is rising year by year. So it is important to retrospect the results of the drug resistance periodically and provide the up-to-the-mi-nute data of epidemiology and vicissitude of drug resistance.
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