Objective To investigate the distribution, variation tendency and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Bum Baids.M ethods Data of pathogen distribution and drug resistance of bacteria isohted from Bum W ards in this hospitalfrom Aug . 2007 to Aug. 2011 were retrospectively analyzed .Results 540 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from patients suffered em pyrosis. G ram -negative bacteria w ere the m ain pathogens (60 .4% ), Isolation rate of Pseudom onas aeruginosa w as the highest (23.5% ), followed by Baumanii (14.6% ), Pseudom onas m altophilia (6 .1% ), Klebsielk peum oniae(5 .9% ), Escherichia coli (3 .1% ) .T he proportion of G ram -positive bacteria w ere 31.9% ,am ong w hich Staphylococcus aureus w as w ith the highest isolation rate (17 .0% ), followed by coagulase negative Staphylococcus (8 .5% ) . Isolation rate of fungus were 7 .8% . Isolation rates ofBau-m annii, E scherichm coli, coagulase negative Staphylococcus and fungus w ere gradually increased year by year . D rug resistance rate of Pseudom onas aeruginosa and Baum annii to Polym yxin E were0.0% , while to other antibiotics were over 43 .0% . D rug resist-ance rates of K lebsielk peum oniae and E scherfchm coli to carbopenem s antibiotics rem ained 0 .0% , but am ong these tw o kinds of bacteria, the detection rates of stains producing extended spectrum beta-lactam ases(ESBLs) reached 87 .5% and 84 .2% respec-tively . D rug sensitivity of G ram -positive bacteria to polypeptide antibiotics and linezolid w ere 100 .0% , but the detection rates of m ethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (M RSA ) and m ethicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus (M RCN S ) reached 91.3% and 95 .5% .Conclusion G ram -negative bacteria m ight be the m ain pathogen in Bum W ards of this hospital, and w ith seri-ous drug resistance to com m only used antibiotics . A ntibiotics should be scientifically and reasonably prescribed . C linical sam pies should be sent for pathogenic analysis and drug susceptibility test in tin e . D rug resistance of clinical bacterial isolates should be m onitored seriously by staffs of clinical m icrobiology laboratory to provide strong reference to clinical doctors for rational usage of antibiotics.%目的 分析烧伤病房病原菌分布、变化趋势与耐药情况.方法 回顾性分析该院烧伤病房2007年8月至2011年8月分离病原菌的菌群分布及耐药情况.结果 从烧伤患者中分离病原菌540株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主(60.4%),其中居首位者为铜绿假单胞菌(23.5%),其次为鲍曼不动杆菌(14.6%)、嗜麦芽假单胞菌(6.1%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(5.9%)、大肠埃希菌(3.1%)等;革兰阳性球菌占31.9%,居首位者为金黄色葡萄球菌(17.0%),其次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(8.5%)和真菌(7.8%).鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和真菌有逐年增加的趋势.铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌除对多粘菌素E的耐药率为0.0%外,对其他抗菌药物耐药率均大于30.0%;肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌虽对碳青霉烯类抗生素保持0.0%的耐药率,但两菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的比例高达87.5%和84.2%;革兰阳性球菌对多肽类抗菌药物和利奈唑胺虽保持100.0%敏感性,但耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的比例高达91.3%和95.5%.结论 该院烧伤病房主要病原菌为革兰阴性杆菌,对常用抗菌药物耐药情况严重,临床医生必须重视科学、合理应用抗菌药物,及时送检标本进行病原学检测及药敏试验,微生物实验人员应认真做好细菌耐药监测工作,为临床医生合理应用抗菌药物提供帮助.
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